The Life Foundations
Nexus
Seminar
On The ‘True Text’ On-line Lessons
SEMINAR ON THE “TRUE
TEXT”
LESSON 3 – THE
BRONZE VERSE PRINCIPLE
Copyright
June 5, 2005 9:33 PM CST
By Dr.
Michael J. Bisconti
Updated
June 10, 2005 4:08 PM CST
Copyright
June 10, 2005 4:08 PM CST
By Dr. Michael J. Bisconti
The “Bronze Verse
Principle” states:
Building upon the
logical, propositional, and statistical foundation afforded by the Golden
Verses, the Silver Verses, and the Probability/Certainty Matrix based on the
Golden Verses and the Silver verses, the tertiary key to determining the true
text lies in those verses that are NOT IDENTICAL in all streams of transmission
and are NOT “IDENTICAL in all streams of transmission EXCEPT THE ALEXANDRIAN
STREAM” (note quotation marks; that is, the Alexandrian stream continues to be
in special conflict with the other streams of transmission). We call these verses “Bronze Verses.”
Below, you will find the
first twelve verses of the Book of Jude.
Verse 12 is NOT IDENTICAL in all streams of transmission and is NOT
“IDENTICAL in all streams of transmission except the Alexandrian stream.” This is the first Bronze Verse of the Book
of Jude. The Golden Verse Principle,
the Silver Verse Principle, and the Bronze Verse Principle together fully
identify the “true text” for the first twelve verses of the Book of Jude.
Immediately following the
passage from the book of Jude is an explanation of the conventions used in our
Greek text. The following graphic takes
awhile to load.
This
passage from the Book of Jude is taken from a compilation of the Greek New
Testament that has variants identified and tagged for reference to source
of transmission and schools of emphasis.
Verse
Numbers
For ease
of reference, the verse numbering scheme has been made to conform closely to
that found in most standard English versions of the New Testament, following
the Authorized (King James) Version of 1611.
Where considerate verse numbering differences occur, they are added to
the text in brackets.
Breathings,
Accents, And Diacritical Markings
All
breathings, accents, capitalization, punctuation, and diacritical markings have
been omitted. These are primarily a
product of modern editorship and are lacking in ancient manuscripts.
Book
Titles And Colophons
Book
titles do not appear. The Greek closing
colophons to the epistles that appear in the English of the Authorized Version
have been placed in brackets [] wherever they occur in the Stephens 1550
edition (only).
Variant
Tagging Method
The
following tags have been applied to those words peculiar to one stream of
transmission or scholarly group that emphasizes a particular variant word. Those words with no tag do not differ in the
various printings of the Greek.
T = Stephens 1550 Textus Receptus.
The text
used is George Ricker Berry's edition of "The Interlinear Literal Translation
of the Greek New Testament." This
text is virtually identical to Erasmus 1516, Beza 1598, and the actual Textus
Receptus: Elzevir 1633. Berry states,
"In the main they are one and the same; and [any] of them may be referred
to as the Textus Receptus." (Berry, p. ii)
These
early printed Greek New Testaments closely parallel the text of the English
King James Authorized Version of 1611, since that version was based closely
upon Beza 1598, which differed little from its "Textus Receptus"
predecessors. These Textus Receptus
editions follow the Byzantine Majority manuscripts, which was predominant
during the period of manual copying of Greek New Testament manuscripts.
S = Scrivener 1894 Textus Receptus
The text
used is "h Kainh Diaqhkh: The
New Testament. The Greek Text
underlying the English Authorized Version of 1611" (London: Trinitarian
Bible Society, 1977). This is an
unchanged reprint of Scrivener's "The New Testament in the Original Greek
according to the Text followed in the Authorized Version" (Cambridge:
University Press, 1894, 1902).
Scrivener attempted to reconstruct the
Greek text underlying the English 1611 KJV for comparison to the 1881 English
Revised Version. In those places where
the KJV followed the Latin Vulgate (John 10:16), Scrivener inserted the Greek
reading, as opposed to back-translating the Latin to Greek--which would have
produced a Greek word with no Greek manuscript evidence. Scrivener's work follows the Byzantine Majority
texts, and in many places matches the modern Alexandrian-based editions.
B = Byzantine Majority
The text is that identified by Freiherr Von
Soden, "Die Schriften des Neuen Testaments in ihrer altesten erreichbaren
Textgestalt" (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1911) and Herman C. Hoskier,
"Concerning the Text of the Apocalypse" (London: Bernard Quaritch,
1929). This technique of Byzantine
identification and weighting was utilized by Hodges and Farsted in "The
Greek New Testament according to the Majority Text" (Nashville: Thomas Nelson,
1982; 1985). It was subsequently
utilized by Robinson and Pierpont, resulting in 99.75 percent agreement between
the two texts.
The Byzantine Majority text is closely
identified with the Textus Receptus editions, and well it should with greater
than 98% agreement. As Maurice Robinson
pointed out in his edition of the Byzantine Majority: "George Ricker Berry
correctly noted that 'in the main they are one and the same; and [any] of them
may be referred to as the Textus Receptus' (George Ricker Berry, ed., The
Interlinear Literal Translation of the Greek New Testament [New York: Hinds
& Noble, 1897], p. ii).
A = Alexandrian
(Some of the comments
that follow will be confusing to anyone learned in the “Alexandrian
dispute.” We will clear up this confusion
at a later stage in the “text building” process.) The differences are those identified by the United Bible Society,
3rd edition, and utilized by modern translations such as the NIV and the NASB. While these variants come from manuscripts
with less textual evidence than the Byzantine Majority, many of the differences
are exactly the same as those identified by the Byzantine Majority and
Scrivener. The percentage of variants
is quite small and occurs mainly in word placement and spelling. Many of the variations identified are
omitted or bracketed words, which is not surprising due to a significantly
smaller base of text from this stream of transmission.